Qays ibn Hubayra

Qays ibn Makshuh al-Muradi , or also known as Qays ibn Hubayrah; was a companion of Muhammad. He converted to Islam during the life of Muhammad. He later rebelled during Ridda Wars after the killing of Al-Aswad al-Ansi, only to be defeated by Ikrima ibn Abi Jahl.

Qays was later pardoned by first Rashidun caliph Abu Bakr and participated in the Muslim conquest of Persia and Muslim conquest of the Levant.

Biography Qays ibn Mashuh al-Muradi hailed from Murad tribe as son of Makshuh, or originally named Hubayrah ibn Abd Yaghut bin Al-Ghazil bin Salamah, the son of Bada’ ibn Amr az Zahir bin Murad. The father of Qays was the chief of Murad tribe and nicknamed al-Makshuh because he had a complaint in his flank resulting from a fire. Qays ibn Makshuh was also a nephew of Amr ibn Ma'adi Yakrib, a renowned warrior from Zubaid clan of Yemen.

Later, when there was news about a Quraysh man named Muhammad preaching an religion named Islam in Arabia, Amr urged Qays ibn Maksuh to go with him to check whether Muhammad's claim of being a prophet is true, Qays declined.

Ridda Wars During the great Ridda Wars, the false prophet Al-Aswad al-Ansi succumbed to a palace conspiracy, as Yemeni leaders, such as Dhu Zulaim, Dhu al-Kala, and Dhu Murran withheld their support from Aswad. When the tribes of Najran broke away and reinstate dtreaty with Medina, Aswad lost significant support. Qays rebelled along with Amr ibn Ma'adi Yakrib as both conspired to kill three caliphate deputies in Yemen. A caliphate commander Al-Muhajir ibn Abi Umayya lead the Al-Abna' opposing Qays. Ultimately, the forces of Qays and Amr were defeated by the force of Ikrima ibn Abi Jahl.

During the first day Battle of Beisan (634), Khalid bin Al-Walid comes out at the front of the army in other skirmishes with the front of the Roman army in 1,500 cavalry, dividing his army into three sections which he led the center while the right wing led by Qays ibn Maqshuh and the left wing was led by Maysara ibn Masruq. One of the Byzantine battalion advanced but repelled by Qays, causing both sides to return as the clash casualties were minimal. As the entire cavalry under Qays, Khaled, and Maysarah has engaged the vanguard of the Byzantine the incoming additional Rashidun forces under Muadh ibn Jabal, Sa'id ibn Zayd, and Hashim ibn Utbah approaching them. In the battle of al-Yarmuk, Khalid ibn al-Walid appoint Qays al-Makshuh as commander of the cavalry on the left wing rear. However, al-Ash‘ath ibn Qays, Hashim ibn Utbah, and Qays ibn Makshuh, each lost an eye during this battle.

It is said that during the conquest of Persia Qays had duelled against two Persian commanders, each commanding 10,000 and won against both, where this accident then reported to the caliph. Ibn Hisham has reported the warning of Amr towards Qays ibn Makshuh, as Qays has threatened Salman ibn Rabia al-Bahili, administrator of the caliphate stable and Hima(camels massive breeding livestock in Nejd), which responded by Amr who reprimanded Qays from threatening Salman with advising poet to beware of such prideful attitude while reminding him the fate of the strength of the powerful ʿĀd peoples which preceding them does not helping them to avert disaster from them.

Later, caliph Abu Bakar asking Qays about how will he fight the Persians, which replied by Qays:

"If you and your majesty are still alive, someone will tell you about me, how I protect the Muslims and how far I have fought against the disbelievers." At night, Al-Qa'qa brings a number of elite cavalry to they reached the door of the ditch. As the battle started According to firsthand witness named Muhaffiz, al Qa'qa units including Amr and the others managed to slip inside the trench between Jalula fortress and the still engaging Sassanid army, capturing the said trench while the main army of Sassanid under command of Khurrazad still busy fight the Rashidun main forces. This act caused panic among the Sassanids as they began retreating, while the Rashidun forces, noticing al-Qa'qa and his units has penetrated and taking position on the trench behind the Sassanid army. It is said the entire battlefield were scattered by corpses of the Sassanid army, thus became the name of the area and this historical battlefield as "Jalula" (dead bodies scattered around).