Per Fredrik Scholander

Per Fredrik Thorkelsson Scholander (29 November 1905 – 13 June 1980), usually published as P. F. Scholander, was a Swedish-born physiologist who studied and worked in Norway and later in the United States. He is known for work in comparative physiology, physiological ecology, diving physiology, cold adaptation and plant water relations. His research ranged from Arctic lichens and diving mammals to fish swim bladders, mangroves, osmosis, and the ascent of sap in trees. In plant physiology, he is known for the Scholander pressure bomb, a pressure chamber for measuring xylem water tension.