Paul Yoshigorō Taguchi

was a Japanese prelate of the Roman Catholic Church. He served as Archbishop of Osaka from 1941 until his death in 1978, and was elevated to the rank of cardinal in 1973.

Taguchi was born in Sotome, Nagasaki (now part of the city of Nagasaki). After graduation from Sapientia University, now St. Thomas University, Japan, he studied at the Pontifical Urbaniana University and Pontifical Athenaeum S. Apollinare in Rome, where he was ordained to the priesthood on December 22, 1928. After finishing his studies in 1931, he returned to the Archdiocese of Tokyo, where he served as a seminary professor and director general of the Catholic Press Centre until 1936. From 1936 to 1940, he was secretary of the Apostolic Delegation to Japan.

On November 25, 1941, Taguchi was appointed Bishop of Osaka by Pope Pius XII. Apparently, this move alerted the American Archbishop of Manila, Michael J. O'Doherty, who claimed that this was an attempt to supplant his authority as the Primate of the Philippines. Then, correspondence between Washington, Vatican, and Manila cleared up the misunderstanding since Taguchi's visit to Manila served no political purpose.