Mary Alden Hopkins

Mary Alden Hopkins (1876 – November 8, 1960) was an American journalist, essayist, and activist. She served as editor for several leading magazines and did freelance work for literary groups including The Atlantic Monthly, The American Mercury, and The New York Times magazine. Hopkins published polemical pieces in both mainstream and special-interest journals on labor reform, dress reform, birth control, pacifism, vegetarianism, and suffrage. Her creative writing was shaped by her politics as she wrote poems and novels about peace, women's suffrage, and other social issues.

She co-wrote several books with , including Consider the Consequences!, the first gamebook, in which readers choose which of various alternate paths the plot should follow.

Early life Hopkins was born in Bangor, Maine, in 1876. Her father George H. Hopkins was a banker and she grew up in a home that was described by Hopkins as "monogamous, Republican, and Protestant." Her mother Mary Allen Webster Hopkins was considered to be extremely sensitive to responsibility and hated routine duties but her conscience forced her to perform them anyway and she may have been suffering from mental illness ("nervous prostration") long before it was recognized by medical professionals, so both the mother and daughter thought that taking care of Mary as a child was what made her mother sick. Hopkins assumed as a child that she was to blame for her mother's unhappiness. and early in her life she decided that the least she could do for her parents was to earn her own living to “lessen [her] sense of guilt in living at all.” Hopkins learned about eighteenth-century England as her father had an extensive library. Later on, Hopkins studied at Wellesley College and at Columbia University where she earned her master's degree.

After the United States declared war on Germany in April 1917, the Woman's Peace Party (WPP) supported US intervention except for the New York branch of the party (NYC-WPP). The NYC-WPP's anti-war sentiments appeared in their bi-weekly periodical Four Lights with a gender-based critique of American society and democracy. On July 14, 1917, Hopkins, a member of the NYC-WPP along with other young educated radical reformers, wrote an editorial for Four Lights titled, "What are the War Aims and Peace terms of the American Women?" Hopkins mocked women's involvement in war work in two ways. She first argued against the assumption that women's presumed roles as mothers and wives would prevent them from participating in politics. Secondly, she argued that the work that women did in their lives such as raising their children would end up being pointless because war would lead to the oppression and death of their children in battle. After the United States Department of Justice (DOJ) claimed that two of their issues were traitorous, the post office refused delivery of the journal, the DOJ interrogated the women as the NYC-WPP's anti-war sentiments were seen as unpatriotic, and Four Lights ceased production in October 1917.

December 1904 - "Children's Column", The Woman's Journal, Vol. XXXV, Issue 53 July 1910 - "Life's Handicapped: An Able Bodied Job for the Crippled Man", The Designer and the Women's Magazine, Vol. XXXII, Issue 3 December 1911 - "Boundaries of Home", The Woman's Journal, Vol. XLII, Issue 50 Original title before being renamed "Woman's Place" in later publications May 1912 - "Women March" Collier's The National Weekly November 1913 - "Woman's Place", The Woman's Journal, Vol. XLIV, Issue 44 May 1918 - "The Girls in the Wake of War" The Designer and the Woman's Magazine, Vol. 48, Issue 1 January 1919 - "Every Baby is Everybody's Baby", The Designer and the Woman's Magazine Vol. 49, Issue 3 May 1919 - "Women's War Work is Never Done", The Designer and the Woman's Magazine, Vol. 50, Issue 1 October 1919 - "The Household Assistant", The Designer and the Woman's Magazine, Vol. 50, Issue 6 July 1921 - "The Woman Citizen", The Woman's Journal, Vol. VI, Issue 5 August 1921 - "Rubber-Tired Camping", The Designer and the Woman's Magazine, Vol. 54, Issue 3 December 1921 - "Barriers in Women's Minds", The Woman's Journal April 1922 - "Say, Am I Engaged?" The Designer and The Woman's Magazine, Vol. 55, Issue 5 June 1922 - "The Soup-Dinner Stunt" The Designer and the Woman's Magazine, Vol. 56, Issue 1 February 1923 - "Why Women Nag", The Designer and the Woman's Magazine, Vol. 57, Issue 3 March 1923 - "Good Women who are Dishonest", The Designer and the Woman's Magazine, Vol. 57, Issue 4 April 1923 - "Fifty-Fifty Wives", The Woman's Journal, Vol. VII, Issue 23 May 1923 - "Love Turns to Hate", The Designer and the Woman's Magazine, Vol. 57, Issue 6 August 1923 - "How Many Lies Do You Believe?", The Designer and the Woman's Magazine, Vol. 58, Issue 3 October 1923 - "Love That Devours", The Designer and the Woman's Magazine, Vol. 58, Issue 5

Books

With Doris Webster

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Later life and death Some of the writers Hopkins enjoyed reading include Charles Fox Hovey, Richard Le Gallienne, Marie Corelli and Hall Caine, and she enjoyed art of the Pre-Raphaelites.

Along with the stopped publication of the Four Lights, the mixed results that activists got led to the question of "will it work" becoming her moral code. She insisted that it was "nobody's fault" that "men got the good jobs" and that "virtuous women shriveled at their desks."