Martin Hellinger

Martin Karl Hellinger (17 July 1904 – 13 August 1988) was a German Nazi dentist who in 1943 was assigned to work at the concentration camp for women at Ravensbrück, with the duty of removing dental gold from those killed at the camp.

At the first Ravensbrück trial, beginning in 1946, he was sentenced to 15 years in prison. He was released from prison on 19 November 1954 and given funds by the West German government to re-establish a dental practice. Details of his later life are unknown.

Early life Martin Hellinger was born in Pirna on 17 July 1904.

Career

Hellinger joined the Schutzstaffel (SS) in 1933. He served at Sachsenhausen in 1941 and Flossenbürg concentration camp between 1941 and 1942. From spring of 1943 to 1944, he was at Ravensbrück when he was promoted to Hauptsturmführer. He was one of four camp dentists along with Walter Sonntag.

Dental provision at the camp was almost non-existent. Hellinger paid minimal attention to dental treatment and greater consideration of his role as an executive SS officer performing general duties alongside the other camp office members. His foremost duty was to remove and collect silver and gold teeth and fillings and tooth bridges to send on to Walther Funk, the president of the Reichsbank. After a medical officer had confirmed death and before any unauthorised removals could occur, Hellinger searched the mouths of the dead for gold.

The Ravensbrück trial

The first Ravensbrück trial opened on 3 December 1946, six days before the Nazi doctors' trial in Nuremberg was opened by the United States.

Sixteen members of the staff at Ravensbrück were tried by a mixed inter-allied court in the British zone between 5 December 1946 and 3 February 1947. All were found guilty, except one who died during the trial. Eleven were sentenced to death. In a pre-trial statement, Hellinger acknowledged that his duty was to remove gold teeth from dead bodies. This, he did either by himself or delegated to one of the prisoner assistants. In addition, he would extract gold teeth from "just-executed prisoners", having waited for them in the crematorium prior to the mass cremations. He claimed he believed that the dead were legally executed.

On 3 February 1947, a British military tribunal in Hamburg sentenced him to 15 years in prison. He was not of the opinion that he neglected his professional duties.

Hellinger was released from the British prison for war criminals in Werl on 20 May 1954 and re-established his dental practice with a special grant of 10,000 DM by the West German government as compensation for the time he spent in prison. He practiced for many years after, and died in 1988. Six photographs of Hellinger are in the British National Archives.