Kalman Taigman

Kalman Taigman also Teigman ( – ) was an Israeli citizen who was born and grew up in Warsaw, Poland.

They worked for the ghetto branch of Germany's Chemnitzer Astrawerke AG factory. In 1942, both of them were deported to Treblinka during the Grossaktion Warsaw.

The extermination camp near Treblinka was built as part of the Nazis' Operation Reinhard (the most deadly phase of the "Final Solution"). It operated between 23 July 1942 and 19 October 1943 officially. During this time, more than 800,000 Jews – men, women, and children – were murdered there, gassed upon arrival.

Kalman's mother was sent directly from the Holocaust train to the gas chambers, which were disguised as showers. Kalman was put to work with the Sonderkommando in the Auffanglager sorting barracks.

He described how the Germans had designed the camp to conceal its true purpose:

Soon after the war ended, he married in Warsaw. A year later Taigman joined his father in Mandate Palestine. In trying to reach the territory, he was first arrested by the British and transferred to a Jewish refugee camp set up in Cyprus.

Taigman became a businessman in Israel, where he developed a successful import business. For a number of years in Israel, Taigman used to meet with other Holocaust survivors on the anniversary of the Treblinka uprising. Among the guests at the home of his friends Samuel (Szmuel) Willenberg and his wife Ada were Pinhas (Pinchas) Epstein and Eliahu Rosenberg. Together with Taigman, they testified at the 1961 trial of Holocaust perpetrator Adolf Eichmann in Jerusalem.

Later both Rosenberg and Epstein were star witnesses for the Israeli prosecution at the 1986–88 trial in Israel of John Demjanjuk, who had been living in the United States since 1952. He was identified as a Trawniki camp guard, who drawn from Soviet POWs held by the Germans, who had been nicknamed "Ivan the Terrible" by Treblinka prisoners. A guard at the gas chamber, "Ivan" was accused of committing murder and acts of extraordinary cruelty and violence at Treblinka against the Jewish prisoners in .

But when asked, Taigman refused to testify against him. He said that Demjanjuk had not worked as a guard at Treblinka. He was convicted but appealed the verdict, saying he had never worked at Treblinka. While the case was under appeal, the Soviet Union fell and it opened many of its archives to researchers. Investigators discovered in those Soviet-held archives that Demjanjuk appeared to have served at Sobibor SS death camp, according to an ID with his photo. Rosenberg and Epstein had identified Demjanjuk as "Ivan" from photographs that were decades old. To make matters worse, Rosenberg's testimony in his case from 1981 was shown to have been coached by the interrogators and wholly illegitimate.

Kalman Taigman died in 2012 of a brain tumor, survived by his second wife Lea, a son, and two grandchildren.

Legacy and honors Taigman was featured in two documentary films: Despite Treblinka (2002), a Uruguayan documentary in which he was featured along with Treblinka revolt survivor Chil Rajchman of Montevideo. He and his friend Samuel Willenberg were featured in BBC Four's Death Camp Treblinka: Survivors Stories (2012), aired also in the US that year as Treblinka's Last Witness.