Josh Phillips

Joshua Earl Patrick Phillips (born March 17, 1984) is an American man who was convicted of murder as a child. In November 1998, when he was 14 years old, Phillips killed Madelyn Rae Clifton (June 17, 1990 November 3, 1998), his 8-year-old friend and neighbor. The following year, he was sentenced to life imprisonment without the possibility of parole. Phillips stated that he killed Clifton to stop her from crying after she was accidentally struck with a baseball while they were playing, and that he feared punishment from his abusive father. Although elements of Phillips's story are disputed, officials who were involved in his prosecution have subsequently expressed contrition over the severity of his sentence. In 2017, Phillips was re-sentenced to life in prison on appeal, but he has been eligible for re-sentencing as of 2023.

Early life Phillips was born in Allentown, Pennsylvania, on March 17, 1984, to Steve and Melissa Phillips. Steve, a drug addict and alcoholic, was violent towards Phillips and Melissa, who both reported living in fear of him. Steve imposed strict rules on his son, got angry if he had other children in the house when he was not present, and particularly disliked young girls; Melissa said she never understood why her husband disliked girls.

In November 1998, Phillips was 14 years old and living with his family in Jacksonville, Florida. Neighbors described Phillips as "quiet and friendly". Clifton's mother, Sheila, confirmed the friendship, and said she never had any reason to be afraid of Phillips, Clifton's sister Jessie, who also used to play with Phillips, described him prior to the murder as "a pretty decent kid". A year before the murder, Phillips was making a home video in his front yard when Jessie and Clifton came over to his house to visit. The video shows the two sisters being friendly with Phillips and playing with his dog.

Murder of Maddie Clifton According to Phillips, on November 3, 1998, he was home alone when Clifton, who lived across the road from the Phillips, came to his house asking him to come outside and play baseball. Phillips agreed, even though he was not allowed to have friends over while his parents were not home. As the two were playing baseball, Phillips accidentally hit the ball into Clifton's eye, causing her to bleed, cry, and scream. Phillips panicked, knowing his father would be home soon and fearing his reaction. Phillips dragged Clifton into his house, saying that the clothing came off Clifton's lower body as he did so. He hit her with the baseball bat to stop her from screaming before putting her under the base of his bed. When Steve returned home, Phillips interacted with him for a period of time before returning to his room. When Phillips discovered that Clifton was still alive and moaning under his bed, he removed the mattress, cut her throat, and stabbed her in the chest seven times with the knife from a Leatherman tool, killing her. Prosecutors also noted that no blood was found in the backyard, or on the baseball that Phillips said he had struck Clifton with, and argued that this did not support his version of events.

The trial started on July 6, 1999, and lasted only two days, an unusually short time due to the defense calling no witnesses. Jurors took just over two hours to convict Phillips of first-degree murder. He was later sentenced to life imprisonment without the possibility of parole;

Life in prison Phillips completed his General Educational Development in prison, although he was initially told he was too young to do it, and later took college classes by correspondence. Phillips works as a paralegal in prison, assisting other inmates with their appeals, and also works as a tutor for inmates. He also plays guitar in a band, and participates in Christian religious services, zazen and yoga.

As of 2008, Phillips declined to write a letter of apology to Clifton's family, saying they deserved an apology from him in person, as they would not be able to see his sincerity in a letter. Clifton's mother subsequently stated she had no interest in talking to Phillips.

On June 27, 2000, Steve Phillips was killed in a car accident.

Appeals quote="I know some people thought [the original] sentence was appropriate, but that was a tough sentence for someone that young. I never got the feeling that it was a malicious, mean-spirited, calculated murder. It was kind of an impulsive act that, given a different set of circumstances, would never have happened." — Sheriff Nat Glover, who originally advocated for Phillips's life-sentence, commenting in 2008 In December 2004, Melissa Phillips began to seek a new trial for her son, stating his young age at the time of the murder should have carried more weight in his sentence. In November 2005, the Supreme Court of Florida set a hearing for the following month to discuss whether Phillips should receive a new trial.

In 2008, two of the officials most responsible for Phillips's life sentence, Harry Shorstein and Sheriff Nat Glover, admitted having second thoughts about giving a life sentence without the possibility of parole to a 14-year-old. Shorstein said he regretted not offering Phillips a second-degree murder plea, which would have given the judge more discretion in sentencing, and has voiced his support for eventual clemency or parole for Phillips. In November 2015, Phillips' attorneys were considering Miller v. Alabama as a basis to file a re-sentencing hearing. In September 2016, Phillips' attorneys successfully appealed the court, and he was granted a new sentencing hearing, which was held in June 2017. At the hearing, Clifton's mother requested that his sentence be upheld. In November 2017, Phillips was re-sentenced to life in prison, but is eligible for re-sentencing again in 2023. In December 2019, the Florida First District Court of Appeal upheld the life sentence, saying it will be reviewed again and could be modified in 2023 "based on demonstrated maturity and rehabilitation." Phillips subsequently appealed to the Supreme Court of Florida, who turned down his request in June 2020. As is customary, they did not explain their reasons for declining to hear the case.

In May 2026, Phillips temporarily withdrew an application for sentencing review, after it was noted he had not completed professional counselling regarding aspects of his crimes. Phillips states he had previously applied for counselling though was refused access to such courses on the grounds he was serving a life sentence; he intends to renew his application for sentencing review after completing the required courses.

In the media In 1999, the murder was the subject of a documentary on 48 Hours titled "Why Did Josh Kill?" The murder was featured on the season 2 premiere of Killer Kids in 2012. In 2018, Phillips was interviewed by British journalist Susanna Reid for the ITV documentary Children Who Kill. That same year, the murder and Phillips's trial were featured on an episode of the podcast Sword and Scale. The murder and Phillips's appeal were featured in two episodes of Morbid: A True Crime Podcast, released in 2019 and 2020 respectively.