James Gardner

James Gardner was an English surveyor, lithographer, cartographer, engraver and publisher who played an active role in the trigonometrical survey of Great Britain. His career spanned the years 1808 to 1840.

Career

Colonel William Mudge appointed Gardner as a surveyor in 1808, on the recommendation of civil engineer John Rennie.

With his 36-inch theodolite, he began working on the triangulation of northern England and the Scottish Borders. before beginning on the secondary triangulation of the counties of England.

His first and most ambitious map was that of the Western Hemisphere and Eastern Hemisphere in 1825, each in diameter. It was in a similar format to Aaron Arrowsmith's 1808 map, but updated, corrected and enlarged. moving to 33 Brewer Street in Golden Square upon retirement in 1840.