Jack Bee Garland

Jack Bee Garland (9 December 1869 – 19 September 1936) also known as Elvira Virginia Mugarrieta, Babe Bean, Jack Beam, Jack Maines, was an author, nurse and adventurer. Garland was assigned female at birth but lived as a man in San Francisco's Tenderloin District, and had erotic relationships with young men he met there, making him a notable early example of both a trans man, as well as a trans man attracted to other men.

Life and career As Babe Bean Born in San Francisco, California to a father who was a military officer serving as Mexican consul to San Francisco, Garland took residence in 1897 in Stockton, California. Using the name Babe Bean and pretending to be mute, Garland got a job with The Stockton Evening Mail writing stories that focused on social problems such as gambling and vagrancy.

As Beebe Beam On October 5, 1899, Garland adopted the male identity of Beebe Beam and accompanied United States Army forces to the Philippines in 1899 to participate in the Philippine War for a year, writing, "I saw war and I lived it." Beam was a cabin boy on the troop transport City of Para to pay the way to the Philippines.

As Jack Bee Garland Shortly after publishing the Philippine adventure, Beam abandoned newspaper writing and assumed the identity Jack Bee Garland, Garland having been their mothers maiden name, and lived under this identity as a man until death. Jack Garland was committed to social work with the American Red Cross and other charitable organizations.

Garland died of peritonitis in San Francisco on September 19, 1936. The hospital discovered Garland's biological sex, provoking a series of newspaper articles. Garland had a tattoo that showed an American flag under the word Manila alongside an infantry insignia. Newspapers suggested that Garland should be buried with military honors as a veteran, and Garland's sister, Victoria Shadbourne, perpetuated the idea by suggesting that Beebe Beam had been a lieutenant in the United States Army. No record of that service existed, and Garland was denied a military burial. Garland is buried at Cypress Lawn Memorial Park in Colma, California. Section: F Lot: LOT 688 in an unmarked grave within the Mugarrieta family plot.

Trans man Lou Sullivan has written a detailed biography of Garland.