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Henri Pognon

1853 – 1921

French diplomat, archaeologist and epigrapher

Diplomat Archaeologist Epigrapher
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About Henri Pognon

Lived 1853 – 1921 (aged 67). Henri Pognon was a French diplomat, archaeologist, epigrapher and assyriologist.

Henri Pognon (13 May 1853 – 16 March 1921) was a French archaeologist, epigrapher, and specialist in Assyriology.

Diplomatic career The son of an ingénieur des ponts et chaussées, Henri Pognon passed his baccalauréat at the lycée of Clermont-Ferrand before moving to Paris where he studied law, graduated from the École des langues orientales and was a student at the École pratique des hautes études. In 1878, he created the course of Assyrian language proposed by that latter institution, and was responsible for teaching until 1881. He then embraced the diplomatic career. Entered in the Ministère des Affaires étrangères in the position of attaché to the direction of consulates in May 1879, he was appointed deputy consul at Tripoli in September 1881, passed to Beirut in May 1882 and then was reinstated in the position of Tripoli in May 1884. Transferred to the Baghdad consulate as manager in May 1887, he was promoted 2nd class consul in August of the same year. Made a chevalier of the Légion d'honneur on 31 December 1892, he was elevated to the rank of first class consul in February 1895 and appointed consul of France in Aleppo (Syria) August 27, 1895.

In this capacity he reported the Hamidian massacres whose victims were 6000 Armenians on 28 October 1896. Placed on availability with the rank of consul general May 22, 1904, he was admitted to retirement in 1914.

Archaeological and epigraphic activities Alongside his diplomatic career, Henri Pognon engaged in Mesopotamian archeology in Lebanon, Syria, and Iraq. Combining field discoveries, acquisitions from local scouts and official prospecting missions, he collected Semitic inscriptions whose meaning he penetrated through an intense translation work. A specialist of classical languages, he thus could provide numerous reference publications to research.

In 1883 he discovered two important inscriptions on bas-reliefs from the reign of Nebuchadnezzar II in the Wadi Brissa in Lebanon.

He produced a pioneer work with his publication in 1898 on the Mandaic incantation bowls from Khouabir, a cemetery site near the bank of the Euphrates southwest of Baghdad, which was proceeded by the first published Mandaic bowl from Adab (Tell Bismaya).

He was elected a member of the Société de Linguistique de Paris in 1884.

By 1922, some manuscripts that belonged to him were given to the Bibliothèque nationale de France. His collection of Syriac manuscripts, gathered in Aleppo and Mosul, is the origin of much of the Graffin funds which in turn joined the Bibliothèque nationale de France in 1989.

Publications

Books 1879–1880: L'Inscription de Bavian, texte, traduction et commentaire philologique, Paris, Bibliothèque de l'École des hautes études. Sciences philologiques et historiques, 2 fascicules (100 and 220 p.), reprint 2011. 1884: Inscription de Mérou-Nérar Ier, roi d'Assyrie, Paris, Imprimerie nationale (124 p.). 1887: Les inscriptions babyloniennes du Wadi Brissa, Bibliothèque de l'École des hautes études. Sciences philologiques et historiques (199 p.), reprint 2011. 1898: Inscriptions mandaïtes des coupes de Khouabir : texte, traduction et commentaire philologique avec quatre appendices et un glossaire, Paris, H. Wetter (327 p.), reprint Amsterdam, Philo Press 1979. 1903: Une version syriaque des Aphorismes d'Hippocrate, texte et traduction, Leipzig, J. C. Hinrichs (2 volumes). 1907: Inscriptions sémitiques de la Syrie, de la Mésopotamie et de la région de Mossoul, Paris, J. Gabalda (228 p.).

Articles 1883: « Inscription de Mérou-Nérar Ier, roi d'Assyrie », Journal asiatique 1884: « Trois textes funéraires de Palmyre », Journal asiatique 1885: « Rapport de Henri Pognon, consul-suppléant de France à Beyrouth à M. Patrimono, consul de Beyrouth », Revue Assyrienne 1887: « Sur un plat avec inscription punique », Journal asiatique 1888: « Découverte de contrats de l'époque de la 1ère dynastie de Babylone », Journal asiatique 1891: « Deux briques avec légendes araméennes », Journal asiatique 1892: « Note sur le pays d'Achnounnak », Comptes rendus des séances de l'Académie des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres 1892: « Une incantation contre les génies malfaisants en mandaïte », Mémoires de la Société de linguistique de Paris 1892: « Note sur des inscriptions ouigoures, arabes et syriaques de Baghdad », Journal asiatique 1894: « L'Inscription de Raman-Nérar Ier, roi d'Assyrie (réponse à un article de M. Oppert) », Bulletin de la Société de linguistique de Paris 1911: « Chronologie des papyrus araméens d'Eléphantine », Journal asiatique 1912: « Lexicographie assyrienne », Revue Assyrienne 1913: « Mélanges assyriologiques », Journal asiatique 1915–17: « Sur les Yézidis du Sindjar », Revue de l'Orient Chrétien 1917: « Notes lexicographiques et textes assyriens inédits », Journal asiatique 1918–19: « Documents relatifs à Ahikar », Revue de l'Orient Chrétien 1921: « Notes assyriologiques », Journal asiatique

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Important facts

Birth century
Nationality
Education
École pratique des hautes études
Awards
Knight of the Legion of Honour

Contemporaries

People whose lives overlapped Henri Pognon's

Frequently asked questions

Who was Henri Pognon?

French diplomat, archaeologist and epigrapher (1853–1921)

When was Henri Pognon born?

Henri Pognon was born on 13 May 1853 in Clermont-Ferrand.

When did Henri Pognon die?

Henri Pognon died on 16 March 1921 in Chambéry.

What was Henri Pognon's occupation?

Henri Pognon was a diplomat, archaeologist, epigrapher and assyriologist.

What nationality was Henri Pognon?

Henri Pognon was French.

Sources & further reading

· Wikipedia: Henri Pognon

· Wikidata: Q3131806

· DBpedia: Henri Pognon

Cite this page

APA: Biography.guide. (2026). Henri Pognon. https://biography.guide/henri-pognon/

MLA: "Henri Pognon." Biography.guide, https://biography.guide/henri-pognon/.

Chicago: "Henri Pognon." Biography.guide. https://biography.guide/henri-pognon/.

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