Gina R. Poe

Gina R. Poe is an American neuroscientist specializing in the study of sleep and its effect on memory and learning. Her findings have shown that the absence of noradrenaline and low levels of serotonin during sleep spindles allow the brain to form new memories during REM, as well as restructure old memory circuits to allow for more learning during later waking periods. She currently works as a professor at the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA).

Early life and education Poe grew up in southern California and received her undergraduate degree in Human Biology at Stanford University. After graduating in 1987, Poe spent two years at the Department of Veterans Affairs studying the brain waves of pilots during high-G maneuvers.

Poe began working on her PhD in neuroscience at UCLA under the guidance of Ronald Harper.

Poe completed her graduate training in 1995. She then pursued her postdoctoral work at the University of Arizona (UA), under the mentorship of Carol Barnes. She also helped pioneer novel approaches to recording brain activity using coherent fiber optic imaging systems.

Career and research In 1998, Poe was recruited to Washington State University, joining the faculty as an assistant professor of Veterinary and Comparative Anatomy and an assistant professor of Pharmacology and Physiology. In 2001, Poe was recruited to the University of Michigan Anesthesiology Department. She became an assistant professor of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, as well as an assistant professor of anesthesiology.

While at the University of Michigan, Poe taught both graduate and undergraduate courses In 2016, Poe returned to UCLA to become a Full Professor in the Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology. Poe then examined the biological underpinnings of the observed theta peaks and troughs during REM sleep. She found that a shift in theta rhythms might occur due to potentiation of distal dendritic synapses and depotentiation of proximal dendritic synapses over learning.

Continuing to research the effects of decreased REM sleep on memory and cognitive performance, Poe assessed how rats' performance in water mazes was affected when non-REM sleep was left intact, but REM sleep was disrupted. They found that REM sleep is not essential for spatial learning, and that when REM sleep was disrupted during initial learning, reversal learning—the ability to disregard old information due to a change in the maze—was enhanced. This suggests that REM may help consolidate incompletely learned items.

Since it is known that antidepressants affect learning and memory, and also inhibit REM sleep, Poe and her colleagues researched the biological underpinnings of how antidepressant-caused inhibition of REM sleep impacts maze learning in rats. Norepinephrine reuptake inhibition, an effect of SNRIs (a class of antidepressant), reduced the length of the transition to REM sleep. This led to worsened re-consolidation of maze memory, as well as an impairment of novel maze learning. Overall, their findings suggested a new model for the purpose of each phase of REM sleep: re-consolidation occurs during REM, novel information is incorporated and consolidated during the transition to REM, and procedural learning is augmented during slow-wave sleep.

During her PhD studies at UCLA, Poe and her colleagues were the first to measure the reflective properties of subcortical neurons in freely moving animals using fiber optic probes, which can be used as an indirect measurement of neural activity with high temporal resolution. Using this tool, they measured the activity of the hippocampus during sleep and wake states in cats. They found that the dorsal hippocampus increased activity during REM sleep, whereas neocortical brain regions decreased their activity.

Advocacy Poe serves as the Director of Diversity in Outreach and Education Programs at UCLA. She is also the co-faculty director of the Maximizing Access to Research Careers (MARC) Program. In this role, she helps underrepresented students use STEM resources on campus and increase their academic retention, while encouraging them to pursue graduate school.

Poe is a member of the Society for Neuroscience Professional Development Committee, which aims to "further the professional development of neuroscientists" with an emphasis on diversity. Poe also co-directs the Neuroscience Scholars Program through the Society for Neuroscience; admission to the program is restricted to underrepresented students. Poe organizes and teaches the Summer Program in Neuroscience Excellence and Success (SPINES) courses, which aims to help underrepresented students.

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