G.N. Saibaba

Gokarakonda Naga Saibaba (1967 – 12 October 2024) was an Indian scholar, writer and human rights activist from Amalapuram, Andhra Pradesh.

Saibaba was accused by Indian authorities of having ties with outlawed Maoist organizations and was sentenced to life imprisonment by a session court in 2017. He was later acquitted of the charges under the Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act by the Nagpur bench of the Bombay High Court on 14 October 2022.

After the ruling, the Supreme Court of India suspended the order and asked the high court to re-evaluate the case. On 5 March 2024, Saibaba (as well as five other individuals who were tried along with him) was once again acquitted by the High Court, with the court declaring that the prosecution's case was invalid due to its lack of technical propriety as well as various cases of dodgy evidence, and called the trial court's verdict a "failure of justice". The second acquittal has also been challenged by the state in the Supreme Court, by way of filing a special leave petition the same day and prior to the delivery of the High Court's judgement. He died on 12 October 2024, following post-operation complications after undergoing surgery for gallbladder stones.

Early life and education Saibaba was born in 1967 in Amalapuram, a town in East Godavari of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh, in a poor peasant family. He used a wheelchair from the age of five due to polio.

Literary contribution Saibaba's literary inspirations are Gurajada Apparao, Sri Sri, and the Kenyan Ngugi Wa Thiong'o.

Thesis

Books

Articles

Career Saibaba taught English at Ram Lal Anand College of Delhi University for several years. He received life imprisonment for his connections to Maoists and was removed from Assistant Professor post at Ram Lal Anand College of Delhi University in February 2021.

Political activity and arrest During the Mumbai Resistance 2004, a platform of over 310 political movements organised parallel to the World Social Forum, Saibaba participated as an active organiser. During this period he became a part of the International League of People's Struggle (ILPS).

In 2009, he was a prominent voice in the campaign against Operation Green Hunt, mainly the military actions perpetrated by the Indian state.

He was arrested in May 2014 for Maoist links. He was granted bail by Bombay High Court in June 2015 on medical grounds and he was released in July 2015. He was sent back to jail in December 2015 was released again in April 2016 after Supreme Court granted him bail.

He was sentenced to life imprisonment in March 2017 under Sections 13, 18, 20, 38 and 39 of the UAPA and Section 120 B of the Indian Penal Code for connections with the banned Revolutionary Democratic Front (RDF), an organisation linked with the banned CPI-Maoist. Saibaba denied the charge that organisation he ran was a front for CPI-Maoist.

On 30 April 2020, a panel of experts with the United Nations OHCHR called on the Indian government urging the authorities to immediately release G.N. Saibaba, due to his "seriously deteriorating" health condition". He was denied permission to visit his 74-year-old mother who died of cancer, and was denied participation in funeral rituals after her death.

On 22 October 2020, Saibaba called off his hunger strike after his demands regarding CCTV cameras were accepted by the jail authorities.

In April 2021, he was terminated from Ram Lal Anand College of Delhi University. His professorship was then terminated as of July 2021.

In October 2022, Saibaba and five others were acquitted by a high court bench that set aside the life imprisonment sentence given to them in 2017. The bench concluded that the proceedings before the sessions court were "null and void" in the absence of a valid sanction under Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act (UAPA). Discharging all five accused, Justice Deo had observed that the due process of law cannot be sacrificed at the altar of "perceived peril to national security". ) and Justice M.R. Shah, had agreed to hear Maharashtra state's special leave petition on a Saturday (a court holiday) and stayed the HC acquittal. The Supreme Court found fault with the High Court's order and observed the High Court has not considered the incriminating material against him as well as the merits of the case.

In March 2024, the Nagpur Bench of the Bombay High Court once again acquitted G.N. Saibaba and all the other 5 accused (one of whom died from Swine flu during imprisonment), citing 'dodgy' evidence and lack of technical regularity during the prosecution. The state's counsel, in an exact replication of the 2022 proceedings, filed for another Special Leave Petition with the Supreme Court to stay the new HC order. Interestingly, the petition was filed before the Supreme Court even prior to the release of HC order, just as it was done in 2022.