David Deutsch

Education Deutsch was born to a Jewish family in Haifa, Israel, on 18 May 1953, the son of Oskar and Tikva Deutsch. He moved to the UK with his family in 1956 at age 3. David attended Geneva House school in Cricklewood, London. His parents owned and ran the Alma restaurant on Cricklewood Broadway. He later attended William Ellis School in Highgate before reading Natural Sciences at Clare College, Cambridge, and taking Part III of the Mathematical Tripos. He went on to Wolfson College, Oxford for his doctorate in theoretical physics supervised by Dennis Sciama

Career and research His work on quantum algorithms began with a 1985 paper, expanded with Richard Jozsa in 1992, to produce the Deutsch–Jozsa algorithm, one of the first examples of a quantum algorithm that is exponentially faster than any possible deterministic classical algorithm. he has been working on constructor theory, a new approach to formulating fundamental physics in which laws are expressed not in terms of initial conditions and equations of motion, but in terms of which physical transformations are possible and which are impossible. Together with Chiara Marletto, he published a paper in December 2014 entitled "Constructor theory of information", which conjectures that information can be expressed solely in terms of which transformations of physical systems are possible and which are impossible.

The Fabric of Reality

In his 1997 book The Fabric of Reality Deutsch details his views on quantum mechanics, and explains his "Theory of Everything". It aims not at the reduction of everything to particle physics, but rather mutual support among multiversal, computational, epistemological and evolutionary principles. His theory of everything is somewhat emergentist rather than reductive. There are four strands to his theory:

Hugh Everett's many-worlds interpretation of quantum physics, "the first and most important of the four strands." Karl Popper's epistemology, especially its anti-inductivism and requiring a realist (non-instrumental) interpretation of scientific theories, as well as its emphasis on taking seriously those bold conjectures that resist falsification. Alan Turing's theory of computation, especially as developed in Deutsch's Turing principle, in which the Universal Turing machine is replaced by Deutsch's universal quantum computer. ("The theory of computation is now the quantum theory of computation.") Richard Dawkins' refinement of Darwinian evolutionary theory and the modern evolutionary synthesis, especially the ideas of replicator and meme as they integrate with Popperian problem-solving (the epistemological strand).

Invariants

In a 2009 TED talk, Deutsch expounded a criterion for scientific explanation, which is to formulate invariants: "State an explanation publicly, so that it can be dated and verified by others later, that remains invariant [in the face of apparent change, new information, or unexpected conditions]". "A bad explanation is easy to vary."

Awards and honours The Fabric of Reality was shortlisted for the Rhone-Poulenc science book award in 1998. Deutsch was awarded the Dirac Prize of the Institute of Physics in 1998, and the Edge of Computation Science Prize in 2005. In 2017, he received the Dirac Medal of the International Centre for Theoretical Physics (ICTP). Deutsch is linked to Paul Dirac through his doctoral advisor Dennis Sciama, whose doctoral advisor was Dirac. Deutsch was elected a fellow of the Royal Society (FRS) in 2008. In 2018, he received the Micius Quantum Prize. In 2021, he was awarded the Isaac Newton Medal and Prize. On September 22, 2022, he was awarded the Breakthrough Prize in Fundamental Physics, shared with Charles H. Bennet, Gilles Brassard and Peter Shor.

Personal life Deutsch is a founding member of the parenting and educational method Taking Children Seriously.

Views on Antisemitism and Zionism Deutsch describes antisemitism as a recurring pattern of irrational thinking, present in many cultures, whose function is to justify harming Jews simply for being Jews. He argues that "the pattern" persists because, when old justifications for hating Jews lose relevance, new ones are invented to take their place.

Views on Brexit Deutsch supported Brexit, with his advocacy quoted by then-government adviser, Dominic Cummings, and reported by The New Yorker in January 2020.

Michael Gove mentioned Deutsch's viewpoint during a BBC Brexit debate. Regarding the debate, Deutsch later commented: In Britain there is a clear path if you have a grievance, you can join a pressure-group, the pressure-group will pressure the government, or you can see your MP, and the MP will see the grievance building up, and so-on. Whereas, Europe is structured in such a way that it's very difficult to know whom to address your grievance to, or what they could do about it.