Chao Yuanfang

Chao Yuanfang was a Chinese physician and medical author who was court physician at the Sui dynasty (581–618 CE) between the years 605 and 616. Traditionally, he had been attributed the co-authorship or authorship of the Chinese medical classic Zhubing yuanhou lun. This work sets out a classification of diseases and describes their causes and symptoms. It also discusses therapeutic methods. The Zhubing yuanhou lun had an important influence on the development of Chinese medicine. Its influence also extended to Japan where it formed the inspiration for the Ishinpō, the oldest surviving Japanese medical text completed in 984. Historical records indicate that Chao Yuanfang lived during the final years of the Sui dynasty (581–618 CE) and the early years of the Tang dynasty (618–906 CE). During the Daye reign (605–618 CE) of the Sui dynasty he was appointed as the Academician of the Imperial Medical Academy and later promoted to the post of Court Physician.

Zhubing Yuanhou Lun Scholarship does not agree on the authorship of the Zhubing yuanhou lun 諸病源候論 (General Treatise on Causes and Manifestations of All Diseases). The Suishu jingji zhi , a bibliography included in the official history of the Sui dynasty and compiled between 641 and 656, identifies Wu Jingxian as the author. In the Jiutangshu jingji zhi , the bibliography of the Old Book of the Tang dynasty compiled during the rule of the Later Jin dynasty 後晉 (936-946), Wu Jing is named the author of the work. The name Chao Yuanfang is first recorded as the author of the work in historical records from the Song dynasty (960–1279). Further reference to Chao Yuanfan's participation in the authoring of the book is found in an edition of the Zhubing yuanhou lun published during the Northern Song dynasty. The preface to that edition states that the work was written during the Daiye period of the Sui dynasty by the imperial physician Chao Yuanfang and others pursuant to an imperial decree. The preface further describes that the authors compiled the work by gathering the most authoritative writings from various schools of thought and studying these thoroughly. The practice of Tao yin is a precursor of qigong, The Zhubing yuanhou lun prescribes 213 Tao yin exercises for 110 different symptoms. The Zhubing yuanhou lun had an important influence on the development of Chinese medicine. Its influence also extended to Japan where it formed the inspiration for the Ishinpō, the oldest surviving Japanese medical text completed in 984.

Editions Chinese-language edition of the Zhubing Yuanhou Lun at archive.org