Benson Dillon Billinghurst

Benson Dillon Billinghurst (August 15, 1869 – December 3, 1935), often known using his initials as B.D. Billinghurst, was an American educator in Nevada during the early 20th century. Born in Ohio in 1869, he served as the Superintendent of Schools of the Washoe County School District from 1908 until his death in 1935, and was famous for his school building projects, his expansion of the availability and quality of Reno education, the introduction of junior high schools to Nevada, and his influence in education laws and the establishment of the Nevada State Textbook Commission.

Biography Billinghurst received a Bachelor of Arts from Ohio Wesleyan University, and a Bachelor of Laws from University of Washington.

His first known academic position was as a teacher from 1897 to 1900. In 1908, Billinghurst took the position of Superintendent of Schools of Washoe County. He arrived at a school system that was rather undeveloped, and set to work improving it. Less than a year after assuming his new role, Billinghurst negotiated $100,000 ($2,631,579 in 2015 dollars ) construct two new elementary schools in Reno, then a city of around 10,000 people. He described his vision for the schools as:

"...modern and sanitary, eight classrooms and a large assembly room on one floor. A domestic science room for the girls, and a manual arts training room for the boys, are placed in the basement. The assembly hall is 40 feet wide and 80 feet long, including a stage on one end, lighted by electricity, with two sets of scenery. A mechanical fan system of heating and cooling is provided." Designed by the architect George A. Ferris, the schools were one story, with three sides of classrooms centered around a courtyard, within which was a fountain with a flagpole jutting out. Its first principal was Echo Loder.

The four new schools, later known as the 'Four Sisters' or the 'Spanish Quartet,' became a defining architectural focal points of Reno and preeminent examples of Mission Revival architecture in Nevada.

While Billinghurst was known to have admired Mission architecture, another reason was brought up for choosing the style. The Nevada State Superintendent of Public Instruction reported to the 27th Session of the Nevada Legislature that the Mission style is "especially adapted to one-story structures " and that "there is nothing better for school purposes than one-story buildings. The one-story plan eliminates the stair climbing so destructive to the nervous strength of pupils and teachers, and also renders danger from fire impossible." He was also associated with educational reforms such as the establishment of the Nevada State Textbook Commission, laws providing free textbooks for public school students, compulsory attendance laws, laws requiring medical examination of public school students, education finance laws, and improvement in Nevada public school curriculum.

Washoe County was the largest and best-financed school district in Nevada during Billinghurst's administration, and the programs he implemented were ahead of their time, implemented later by other districts. In 1933, the United States Office of Education rated Nevada's schools second in the nation, with only New York ahead of them.

Billinghurst House Constructed in 1910, the Benson Billinghurst House was constructed by B.D. Billinghurst as a personal residence, a bungalow with varnished pine finishes.