Aner Shapira

Aner Elyakim Shapira (; March 12, 2001 – October 7, 2023) was an Israeli who was killed during the Hamas-led October 7 attacks on Israel. During the Nova music festival massacre, while taking cover in a shelter, Shapira retrieved 7 explosive grenades that were thrown into the shelter by Hamas operatives, and threw them back at the attackers. Ultimately, he saved the lives of at least 7 people who survived the massacre. For his actions, he was referred to as a hero by Israeli and international media. After graduating from high school Shapira attempted to enlist, but was injured at least twice prior to serving causing his service to be delayed for a little over a year. At the time of his death, he was serving in an elite unit of the Nahal Brigade in the Israel Defense Forces.

Shapira's grandfather, Hanina Ben-Menahem, is a professor-emeritus of Jewish law at the Hebrew University. His grandmother, Yemima Ben-Menahem, is also a professor-emeritus. however, due to shooting, he and his friends ran into a public missile shelter in Re'im at approximately 7:55 am, hiding with about two dozen other people. According to the testimonies of the survivors, Shapira was the last to enter the shelter. Shapira reportedly attempted to inspire hope for those in the shelter by telling them that the Israeli military would arrive soon. Shapira stood near the exit, telling those next to him that if the shelter was attacked by militants or grenades, he would throw the grenades back. On November 14, a video of this act appeared online; it had been captured by a windshield camera on a vehicle near the shelter. Shapira's friend Goldberg-Polin, who was also reportedly throwing back grenades, lost his hand from a grenade explosion, but was able to tie a tourniquet around his arm and was subsequently taken hostage. At least seven people who were hiding in the shelter with Shapira ultimately survived the attack. and his parents released one of his original songs shortly after.

During the first occurrence of Hanukkah following Shapira's death, Israeli poet published a poem commemorating Shapira's actions and linked the eight candles and days of Hanukkah to the eight grenades thrown into the shelter in which Shapira was hiding. In December 2023, the actions of Shapira were commemorated by the Hapoel Jerusalem football team at the beginning of the match between them and Hapoel Tel Aviv team during the Israel Premier League. Shapira's song that was released shortly after his death was played at the start of the match with his paintings projected on screens around the stadium.